现在分词完成式用作后置定语正误谈
原则上说，现在分词的完成式不能用作后置定语。遇此情况可考虑改用定语从句。如：
我在已付款者的姓名旁画了钩。
正：I’ve ticked the names of the people who have paid.
误：I’ve ticked the names of the people having paid.
她是几位登上埃佛勒斯峰的妇女之一。
正：She’s one of the few women who have climbed Everest.
误：She’s one of the few women having climbed Everest.
现在我来一个个报出本期不曾缺席的学生名单。
正：Now let me recite the names of the pupils who have not been absent this term.
误：Now let me recite the names of the pupils not having been absent this term.
当地议员已受理无家可归的六口之家的个案。
正：The local MP has taken up the case of the family of six who have been left homeless.
误：The local MP has taken up the case of the family of six having been left homeless.
有许多人挺过不幸且能够重建自己的生活。
正：There are many who have suffered personal disasters but managed to rebuild their lives.
误：There are many having suffered personal disasters but managed to rebuild their lives.
最后，我想对所有那些为取得这个成果而努力工作的人们表示感谢。
正：In conclusion, I should like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result.
误：In conclusion, I should like to thank all those having worked so hard to bring about this result.
这个组织旨在为所有失去养老金的人向政府游说。
正：The organization has been set up to lobby the government on behalf of all the people who have lost their pensions.
误：The organization has been set up to lobby the government on behalf of all the people having lost their pensions.