什么是悬垂分词

发布时间:2022-04-29T12:27:22 英语语法

什么是悬垂分词

 

你知道什么叫悬垂分词吗?请看看这道题:

__________ the road,a car knocked him down.

A. Crossing                         B. Crossed                  C. When he was crossing   D. To cross

此题应选C。其余均可能被误选。分析如下:

选项B不对,因为它是过去分词,其后不应有宾语。

选项A,D不对,因为该非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致——构成悬垂分词。

一般说来,作状语用的非谓语动词的逻辑主语应与句子主语保持一致,否则便是错句。比较:

为了通过考试,(他)每分钟都用来学习。

误:To pass the exam,every minute was spent in studying.

正:To pass the exam,he spent every minute in studying.

信读了第二次之后,意思就更清楚了。

误:Reading the letter a second time,the meaning became clearer.

正:Being read a second time,the letter became clearer in meaning.

狗叫得厉害,所以我把它放了出去。

误:Barking madly,I led the dog out.

正:Barking madly,the dog was let out.

但是,在有些特殊的结构(只有少数固定结构)中,非谓语动词可以没有逻辑主语:

Judging from [by] what he said,he was a cheat. 从他说的话来看,他就是个骗子。