12月4日，《咬文嚼字》杂志经过评选，公布2020年十大流行语。
Since 2009, the Shanghai-based literary periodical Yaowen-Jiaozi has announced the top 10 buzzwords of the year in China. The lists collect words and phrases that have gone viral and are frequently used with a humorous and ironic way by Internet users. Here are the words of 2020:
自2009年起，上海文学期刊《咬文嚼字》就开始公布中国年度十大流行语。该榜单收集了网友们以幽默和讽刺的方式频繁使用的热门词汇和短语。以下是2020年的词汇:
1 People first, lives first (人民至上，生命至上)
The COVID-19 epidemic has posed a serious threat to Chinese people's lives and health, and the whole nation was closely united and actively engaged in the unprecedented fight against the pandemic.
新冠肺炎疫情严重威胁着中国人民的生命安全和健康，全国人民紧密团结起来，积极开展了前所未有的抗击疫情斗争。
Chinese President Xi Jinping has particularly stressed adhering to the "people first" concept in coordinating epidemic control and economic and social development. The idea of "people first, lives first" is most fundamental reason for China's major strategic achievements in the war against the virus.
中国国家主席习近平特别强调，要坚持“人民至上”的理念，协调疫情防控和经济社会发展。“人民至上，生命至上”是中国抗击疫情取得重大战略成就的最根本原因。
2 Heroes in harm's way (逆行者)
This refers to the people and groups who made great contributions in combating the pandemic, such as the frontline medical workers, PLA, community workers and grass-root officials. They showed persistence, bravery, self-sacrifice and a sense of a mission for humanity in the test of life and death.
是指在抗击疫情中做出重大贡献的一线医务人员、解放军、社区工作者、基层干部等群众和群体。在生死的考验中，他们表现出坚毅、勇敢、自我牺牲和对人类的使命感。
3 Valiant (飒)
Valiant, used to describe the rustle of the wind, valiant now refers to dashing and spirited women. About half of frontline doctors and 90 percent of nurses are female. Describing them to be valiant has showed the nation's highest respect for them.
本用以描写风声。现在流行的“飒”，特指帅气利落、潇洒清爽，多用于女性。奋战在抗疫一线的医生中约有50%是女性，护士中女性超过90%。用“飒”来形容他们，表现了人民对他们的崇高敬意。
4 Rising waves (后浪)
This phrase originates from the Chinese proverb, “As the Yangtze River waves urge waves, so the younger generation excels over the older generation.”
这个短语来源于中国的一句谚语，“长江后浪推前浪，一代更比一代强。”
This buzzword refers to younger generations in a metaphorical way and it went viral after a video named Rising Waves was posted on Bilibili, a Chinese video sharing website. The video, featured by a lecture from He Bing, a famous Chinese actor, sparked heated discussion over younger generations, especially Gen Z, throughout the country.
这个流行语用一种隐喻的方式来指代年轻一代。中国视频分享网站哔哩哔哩上发布的一段名为《后浪》的视频令这个词迅速走红。视频中著名演员何冰的演讲引发了中国年轻一代，尤其是Z世代的热烈讨论。
5 Mythical creatures (神兽)
The original meaning is animals in ancient Chinese folk myths and legends. Mythical creature now refers to mischievous, naughty children or children who are difficult to deal with.
本义是中国古代民间神话传说中的动物。神兽现在用来指淘气的、顽皮的孩子或难以应对的孩子。
This buzzword went viral in the first half of 2020, when primary and secondary schools across China postponed classes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Millions of school-aged children had to turn to home schooling. Without teachers by their side, parents need to come up with different ways to deal with their children which made them feel exhausted, as if they were fighting so-called mythical creatures.
这个流行词在2020年上半年迅速传播开来，当时中国的中小学由于新冠疫情而推迟上课。数百万学龄儿童不得不转向家庭教育。没有老师在身边，家长们需要想出不同的方法来应对自己的孩子，他们无比疲惫，好像在与所谓的神兽战斗。
6 Live commerce (直播带货)
This new term is used to describe the combination of streaming video and e-commerce. It involves making live videos or broadcasts to introduce products or show how they work and ultimately act as a direct source for online sales.
这个新词用来描述流媒体视频和电子商务的结合。它包括制作现场直播或广播来介绍产品或展示产品如何使用，并最终成为在线销售的直接来源。
The core of live commerce lies in the interaction between sellers and buyers, and positive interactions eventually push those potential buyers to place their orders online. Live commerce has been proven effective in bolstering consumption, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic when traditional brick-and-mortar shops were closed.
直播商务的核心在于卖家和买家之间的互动，积极的互动最终会推动这些潜在买家在网上下单。事实证明，直播商业在促进消费方面很有效，特别是在疫情期间，因为传统的实体商店都关门了。
7 Dual circulation (双循环)
As a Chinese political term, dual circulation was first announced by the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in May.
作为中国的一个政治术语，双循环于今年5月由中共中央政治局常务委员会首次提出。
Seeing turbulent changes in the world economic environment, Chinese President Xi Jinping has called for the national efforts to develop a new economic pattern in China known as "dual circulation" – domestic and international economic activity promoting each other, with domestic economic activity as the main force. Dual circulation points to a strategic orientation in China's immediate and long-term development and it has become a key priority in China’s 14th Five-Year Plan for 2021 to 2025.
面对世界经济环境的动荡变化，中国国家主席习近平提出在中国形成一种新的经济模式，即国内经济活动和国际经济活动相互促进，以国内经济活动为主力军的“双循环”。双循环是中国当前和长远发展的战略方向，已成为中国第14个五年计划(2021 - 2025)的重点。
8 Laborers (打工人)
Laborers were known in the past as a group of workers with low social status and income, usually migrant workers or worker paid for their physical work. Recently the buzzword started to go viral on Bilibili, a popular video-sharing website among young people in China.
打工人在过去是指为社会地位和收入较低的工人群体，多为外来务工人员或从事体力劳动的劳动者。最近，这个词开始在中国一个颇受年轻人欢迎的视频分享网站哔哩哔哩上疯传。
A netizen posted a short video in which he pretended to go out to work and greet Internet users with “Good morning, laborers!” This video attracted a lot of attention on the Internet and the humorous words were re-displayed by many other followers. Now Chinese netizens have expanded the application of the buzzword with memes and newly made-up jokes. No matter who they are and what kind of jobs do they have, they can all call themselves laborers.
一名网友发布了一段短视频，在视频中他假装出去上班，对网友们说：“早上好，打工人！”这段视频在网上引起了极大的关注，幽默的话语也被很多人转载。现在，网友通过表情包和新段子扩展了这个流行词的应用。无论他们是谁，从事什么样的工作，他们都可以称自己为打工人。
9 Involution (内卷)
For Internet users, involution is more often used to describe a situation where people engage themselves in the same job for a long time without any change or improvement. Among university students in China, involution refers to unreasonable or excessive competition, or the rat race. Now the term is not only popular among university students, but also in many other sectors.
对于互联网用户来说，内卷通常用来描述人们长时间从事同一份工作，但没有任何改变或改善的情况。在中国大学生中，内卷指的是不合理的或过度的激烈竞争。现在，这个词不仅在大学生当中，也在许多其他领域流行。
10 Versailles literature (凡尔赛文学)
Similar to “humblebrag”, Versailles literature implies the act of making a seemingly modest, self-critical, or casual statement or reference that is meant to draw attention to one's admirable or impressive qualities or achievements indirectly, or demurely boasting. This word went viral after a Weibo user showed off her extravagant life online with some seemingly modest descriptions and her followers started to made fun of it.
类似于“humblebrag”（以看似谦虚的方式自夸），凡尔赛文学暗示了一种行为：表面上谦虚，自我批评，或随意的表达，以间接地吸引人们注意其令人羡慕或令人印象深刻的品质或成就，也可以说是矜持地吹嘘自己。一名微博用户在网上用一些看似谦逊的描述展示她奢侈的生活，她的关注者开始，这个词在网上迅速传播开来。
这些流行语当中，你最中意哪一个？最常用哪一个呢？来留言分享吧！
英文来源：People's Daily
图片来源：央视新闻