什么叫分词的逻辑主语

发布时间:2022-04-29T12:26:12 英语语法

什么叫分词的逻辑主语

分词属非谓语动词,即不用作谓语的动词,所以它没有真正的主语。但是,分词作为动词的一种形式,它应有自己理论上或逻辑上的主语。如:

I often hear him singing this song. 我经常听他唱这首歌。(him 是singing的逻辑主语)

Hearing the news, he couldn't help crying. 听到这消息,他禁不住哭了。(he是hearing的逻辑主语)

若用的是过去分词或现在分词的被动式,则上面提到的逻辑主语实为“逻辑宾语”:

I often hear this song sung. 我经常听到有人唱这首歌。(this song是sung的逻辑主语,但是sing 的逻辑宾语)

I saw her being taken to the operating room. 我看见她被送到手术室。(her是being taken 的逻辑主语,但是take 的逻辑宾语)

分词作状语,它的逻辑主语通常应是句子主语,否则会出错。请看下例:

1. Finding her car stolen, ________.

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman for help

此题答案应选D,因为句首用作状语的现在分词短语finding her car stolen 的逻辑主语应是“她”,而不是 a policeman, the area, it 等。