过去分词作宾补的三种类型
类型一:动词+宾语+过去分词
【典例】I couldn’t believe my ears when I heard my name _______ (mention) on the radio.
【解析】由于mention与其前用作宾语的my name之间为被动关系,故用过去分词mentioned。句意为:听到收音机里提到我的名字,我简直不相信自己的耳朵。
【拓展】注意体会下面句子中的“动词+宾语+过去分词”结构:
I noticed their car parked outside. 我注意到他们的车子停在外面。
I don’t speak good French, but I can make myself understood. 我说不好法语,但我能使别人听懂我的话。
It can be cheaper to stump up for a new washing machine than to get your old one repaired. 掏钱买个新的洗衣机可能比你修理旧的还要更便宜。
类型二:介词with+宾语+过去分词
【典例】With everything ________ (take) into consideration, we all think this is a very good plan.
【解析】根据短语 take everything into consideration(将每一件事都考虑到)可知,动词take与everything之间为动宾关系,而在本题中everything位于动词take之前,显然这里的everything应该是指“被考虑”,故填过去分词taken。句意为:每件事都考虑到了,我们都认为这是一项不错的计划。
【拓展】注意体会下面句子中的“with+宾语+过去分词”结构:
He sat in the chair with his legs crossed. 他盘着双腿坐在椅子上。
You look different with your hair cut. 你理发以后样子不同了。
These activities are free, with lunch provided. 这些活动不收费,而且还提供午餐。
类型三:介词without+宾语+过去分词
【典例】The manager went angrily away without a word ________ (say).
【分析】根据句意可知,a word与say之间为被动关系,即填过去分词said。句意为:经理一句话没说就生气地走了。
【拓展】注意体会下面句子中的“without+宾语+过去分词”结构:
They left without a plate untouched. 他们走了,没有一盘菜没动过。
We discussed it for several for hours without a decision taken. 我们对此讨论了几个小时,也没作出决定。
【即学即练】用括号内所给词的适当形式填空:
1. Hearing the news, I felt a great weight _______ (take) off my mind.
2. We’ve decided to drive there, so you must get the car _______ (repair) as soon as possible.
3. On hearing his name _______ (call) the sleeping dog suddenly jumped up.
4. Only by shouting was he able to make himself _______ (hear).
5. Young children often prefer their house _______ (paint) white or green.
6. Do you know the man with his hair _______ (tie) back?
7. With different methods used, different results are _______ (obtain).
8. With the harvest _______ (finish), I was able to relax with an easy mind.
9. With the contract finally _______ (sign), we breathed a sigh of relief as we drank a toast in celebration.
10. Without anything _______ (leave) in the cupboard, she went out to get something to eat.
参考答案:1. taken 2. repaired 3. called 4. heard 5. painted 6. tied 7. obtained 8. finished 9. signed 10. left