现在分词作定语的前置与后置

发布时间:2022-04-29T12:24:05 英语语法

现在分词作定语的前置与后置

一、现在分词作定语的前置

在通常情况下,单个的现在分词作定语时,应位于被修饰的名词之前,主要有以下用法:

1. 说有动作正在进行。如:

a flying object 飞行中的物体

a buring building 正在燃烧的大楼

There’s a growing need for computers. 对电脑的需求日益增长。

2. 说明被修饰名词的性质或特征等。如:

What a boring book! 多没意思的书啊!

He gave me a warning cough. 他以咳嗽警告我。

His liver was in a shocking state. 他肝的状况糟透了。

She is a charming child. 她是一个招人爱的孩子。

Ivy has a climbing habit. 常春藤有攀缘向上的习性。

This is a very charming village. 这是一座迷人的村庄。

This is a pressing question. 这是一个紧迫的问题。

It was a pressing meeting and all members had to attend. 这是一次紧急会议,所有成员都得参加。

A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. 人无笑脸,不要开店。

He’s a shining example of a hard-working pupil. 他是用功学生的优秀榜样。

She is a walking [living] dictionary in her field. 她在自己的业务范围内是一部活词典。

但是,有时也可见到单个的现在分词用作后置定语,但主要见于有较强的动作意义的情形时(接近一个定语从句时)。如:

Oh, it’s the cake burning. 噢,糕点烤焦了。

There were no soldiers drilling. 没有士兵在操练。

二、现在分词作定语的后置

如果是现在分词短语作定语,则只能放在所修饰的名词之后。如:

We can offer you a job cleaning cars. 我们可以给你一份擦洗汽车的工作。

The woman washing the dishes is my aunt. 洗盘子的那个妇女是我姑妈。

This information is freely available to anyone wishing to see it. 想看这条信息的人可以随意看。

The company sent me a brochure containing (=which contained) all the information, needed. 公司寄给我一个小册子,包含了我需要的所有资料。

This was one of the experiments being carried out in the country. 这是国内正在进行的试验之一。

She recognized the potential for error in the method being used. 她意识到在所采用的方法中可能出错。

The gunman escaped on a motorcycle being ridden by an accomplice. 枪手乘坐一辆由同伙驾驶的摩托车逃跑了。