“by+名词+of”的常用固定搭配
◆by courtesy of 承蒙……的好意(准许);承蒙……提供;作为……的结果
This programme comes by courtesy of a local company. 本节目由本地的一家公司提供赞助。
The pictures have been reproduced by courtesy of the British Museum. 承蒙大英博物馆的惠允,复制了这些画。
【注】有时可省略介词by。如:
Win a weekend in Rome, courtesy of Fiat. 赢取菲亚特公司提供的到罗马度周末的机会。
Viewers can see the stadium from the air, courtesy of a camera fastened to the plane. 由于飞机上安装有摄像机,电视观众可以从空中鸟瞰体育场。
◆by means of 用,依靠
He got into the house by means of an open window. 他从一扇开着的窗户爬进屋去。
They were able to position the yacht by means of radar. 他们能够用雷达测定快艇的方位。
◆by reason of 由于……的原因
He escaped punishment by reason of youth. 他由于年轻,没有受到处罚。
The plan failed by reason of bad organization. 这个计划由于组织不周而失败了。
◆by virtue of 由于,因为;凭借
I got this house by virtue of my job. 我由于工作的原因得到了这栋房子。
He was exempt from charges by virtue of his youth [of being so young, of the fact that he was so young]. 他因年幼而获得免费。
◆by way of 经由;为了,意在
He came to Japan by way of China. 他经中国来到日本。
He sent her flowers by way of apology. 他给她送去鲜花,以表歉意。